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Lesson 26 of 50 - Church History (part four of eight)
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Church History (part four):

451-452         Attila the Hun

455     Vandals Capture Rome

481-511         Clovis, King of the Franks

553     Council of Constantinople II

590-604         Pope Gregory the Great

    1. Build a military
    2. Provide for the poor
    3. Pay ransom for people captured by the barbarians
    4. Pay for treaties to preserve Rome from barbarian destruction

521-597         Columba

570-632         Muhammad, founder of Islam

622-750         Muslim Expansion

Muslim  Expansion

664     Synod of Whitby

680     Council of Constantinople III

731     Bede

 732    Battle of Tours

726     Iconoclastic Controversy

680     A new controversy broke out:  The use of icons or images.

700’s    By the 700’s every city had at least one famous saint that was worshipped and
became the protector of that city.

726     Emperor Leo III (717-741) attacked the use of icons

751     Western Asia embraces Islam (Ephesus, Colosse, etc.)

754     Iconoclastic Synod of Constantinople

780     Emperor Leo IV and Irene

787     Nicean Council II

“Thus we believe: This is the doctrine of the apostles.  Anathema upon all who co not adhere to it, who do not salute the images, who call them idols, and who charge Christianity with idolatry.”

800  Charlemagne Crowned Emperor

755     “Donation of Constantine”

742-814         Charlemagne

838     Muslims settle in southern Italy and defeat the Byzantine Army
           
846     Muslims sack Rome and damage the Vatican

869     Constantinople Council IV

 

Reasons for the Renewed Supremacy
of the Western Roman Church Over the Eastern Church in Constantinople

Donation of Constantine – a forgery credited to Constantine tells the story of Constantine being healed of leprosy and baptized by the Bishop of Rome.  In return Constantine gave the Bishop central Italy, the palace, clothing and the imperial symbol.  Constantine then moved East.

A collection of false decrees by earlier roman bishops.  These asserted the roan Bishop (Papa) was supreme over all bishops.  Also, it claimed that the church was free from secular control. 

Doctrine of Mass.  A controversy regarding the nature of Christ’s presence in communion upset the Western church.   Any claim that the Lord’s super was a sacrifice by the priest was additional power to the pope, the priesthood and their hierarchy.  They alone had power to perform this miracle.  (In 1215 at the Council of Trent the church officially accepts this view.)  In 831 Paschasius Radbertus began to teach that by a miracle the substance of the bread and wine were changed into the body and blood of Christ.  The book: “Of the Body and Blood of the Lord.”

Monastic Reform carried out by the Cluniac monasteries.

 

880     Muslims Loose Italy

900     Christians begin to reclaim Spain from Muslims

909     Abbey of Cluny Founded

800’s  Vikings Invade Europe

800’s Decline of Holy Roman Empire

800’s Feudalism

 

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Catalogue inserted in codex Claromontanus 4th century?
The Canon of Cyril of Jerusalem ~350 CE
The Cheltenham Canon ~360 CE
The Canon approved by the Synod of Laodicea ~363 CE ?
The Canon approved by the 'Apostolic Canons' ~385 CE
The canon of Gregory of Nazianzus 329-389 CE
The canon of Amphilochius of Iconium died after 394 CE
The Canon approved by the Third Synod of Carthage ~397 CE
The Decretum Gelasianum 6th century
Catalogue of the Sixty Canonical Books 7th century
The Stichometry of Nicephorus 9th century